Which amendment requires states to provide due process and applies the Bill of Rights to the state level?

• A. The 13th Amendment
• B. The 14th Amendment
• C. The 12th Amendment
• D. The 15th Amendment

Answer: (B)

The key idea here is incorporation of the Bill of Rights through the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Fourteenth Amendment bars states from depriving anyone of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, and over time the Supreme Court has used that clause to apply most of the protections in the Bill of Rights to state governments. This dual effect—ensuring due process at the state level and bringing the Bill of Rights protections to state action—explains why this amendment is the correct one.

The other amendments address different topics: one abolishes slavery, another reorganizes presidential election procedures, and the last prohibits certain groups from being denied the vote. They do not establish the mechanism by which the Bill of Rights reaches the states through due process.