Which statute is explicitly a federal civil remedy rather than a criminal statute?

• A. Section 241
• B. Section 242
• C. Section 1983
• D. None of the above

Answer: (C)

Section 1983 is a federal civil remedy statute because it creates a private right of action to recover civil damages or seek other civil relief when a person’s constitutional rights are violated by someone acting under color of state law. It belongs to the Civil Rights Act of 1871 and is used to sue for violations of federal rights in civil court, not to impose criminal penalties or prosecutions.

By contrast, the other provisions are criminal statutes that punish conduct—conspiring to deprive rights or depriving someone of rights under color of law—with penalties like fines or imprisonment. So the only option that fits as a federal civil remedy is Section 1983.