Which term describes a formal accusation by a grand jury?

• A. On-scene arrest
• B. Warrant issued
• C. Grand jury indictment
• D. None

Answer: (C)

A grand jury indictment is a formal accusation by a grand jury. The grand jury reviews evidence presented by the prosecutor and, if they determine there is probable cause to believe the charged person committed the crime, they return an indictment. This officially charges the person and moves the case toward trial. They may also issue a “no bill” if they don’t find enough evidence.

This is different from an on-scene arrest, which is police taking someone into custody at the moment of the crime or shortly after. A warrant issued is a court order authorizing arrest or searches, issued by a judge or magistrate, not by the grand jury. And “none” isn’t a term used to describe the formal charging process.